From the Times….

The loan-financing arm of Toyota, Japan’s biggest industrial giant, is understood to have approached a state-backed fund for as much as $2 billion in emergency loans.

A request for Government funding from the Japanese giant is expected to trigger a deluge of other demands for capital by other of the country’s struggling industrial companies.

When the article says $2 billion dollars it means dollars not the equivalent value of yen. What this means is that Japan is going to have to sell some T-bonds if it is going to honor this request.

Given the scale of the T-bond market, this is small potatoes. Still, it does demonstrate the mechanism by which T-bond yields could spike even if Japan or China do not decided to deliberately dump dollars as a matter of policy.

From the New York Times…

Criminal correction spending is outpacing budget growth in education, transportation and public assistance, based on state and federal data. Only Medicaid spending grew faster than state corrections spending, which quadrupled in the past two decades, according to the report Monday by the Pew Center on the States, the first breakdown of spending in confinement and supervision in the past seven years.

In that one paragraph you have the problem of demographic aging and cultural break down.

From the AP……

Investors’ despair about financial companies and the recession has brought the Dow Jones industrial average to another unwanted milestone: its first drop below 7,000 in more than 11 years. The market’s slide Monday, which took the Dow down 300 points, was nowhere near the largest it has seen since last fall, but the tumble below 7,000 was nonetheless painful.

The credit crisis and recession have slashed more than half the average’s value since it hit a record high over 14,000 in October 2007. And now many investors fear the market could take a long time to regain the lost 7,000.

From the Times…..

AIG, the fallen US insurer, unveiled a $62 billion loss today — the largest in US corporate history — as it secured a fresh $30 billion bailout package from the Government.

From Marginal Revolution (in regards to AIG bailouts)…..

No one wants to say it, but essentially the Fed has been bailing out European banks.

The inflation-adjusted cost of the Marshall plan has been estimated at about $115 billion in current dollars. If we end up spending $250 billion on AIG, how much of that sum will go to European financial institutions and might it someday exceed the scope of the Marshall plan? (I do not, by the way, think that central banks ought to treat foreign creditors differently.)

He is right that nobody important wants to say it, but blogs have been pointing this out from the beginning. Still, the comparison to the cost of the Marshall plan is an original twist.

This week’s essay of the week is Warren Buffett’s annual shareholder report. Key things to pay attention to are his comments on why bond insurance might make it more likely that municipal bonds will default and how the bail outs have meant that it is easier for firms on the ropes to get capital then relatively healthy companies like his own.

Acme Tool Co. is not especially vulnerable to the current economic climate, supported as we are by a repair industry, and repair being a fact in a cynic’s life and not just a realtor’s dream of an ever-exploding house value. But the collapse of unbounded optimism is sucking quite a lot down the drain with Click Here to continue reading.

From Politika….

Just when you thought there is nothing that can surprise you anymore in this country, comes this. LNT’s “Degpunktā” reports that Valmiera state prison had four special guards dogs shot as part of the “economy regime”. Apparently, the guards couldn’t bring themselves to do that so they called in an outsider and gave him a gun. I wonder if that’s the kind of measures that Mr Slakteris, the minister of finance, meant when he famously told the Bloomberg TV that “we will be …taupÄ«gi [economical].”

And from the Telegraph….

Ryanair’s chief executive caused howls of protest today when he suggested that the airline may charge passengers £1 to use its toilets.

From Calculated Risk…..

The S&P 500 closed at 735 or so. The low in 1997 was 737.01.

Note: the S&P 500 was at 744 when Greenspan spoke of “irrational exuberance”!

From Megan McArdle…..

One of the enduring mysteries of the last month has been how fourth quarter GDP could have been falling faster in Europe than in the United States. Now we have an answer: our first GDP estimates were way too optimistic. The revised estimates now put the annualized rate of decline in the fourth quarter at 6.2%, rather than the 3.8% initially predicted. That’s roughly in line with the decline in Europe and the UK, though Japan still has a commanding lead in the race to the bottom.

From Felix Salmon…

It’s pretty much impossible to get one’s head around the sheer enormity of the numbers in Barack Obama’s first budget. But it’s important to try, and one anonymous commenter has a very good point: the entire federal budget, as submitted by President Clinton in 1996 through 1999, was smaller than the budget deficit that Obama is proposing for next year.

From Spiegel…..

And how about subprime companies? European corporations are deeply in hock, with $801 billion in corporate debt maturing this year-nearly one-third more than in the U.S. Some, such as Munich-based chipmaker Qimonda and Swedish automaker Saab, say they are insolvent.

From Edward Hugh…….

According to the 2009 budget Barack Obama is sending to congress today, the United States will have a $1.75 trillion deficit this year. The figure represents 12.3 percent of estimated gross domestic product, double the previous post-war record of 6 percent in 1983, and the highest level since the deficit totaled 21.5 percent of GDP in 1945, at the end of World War II. It seems the numbers are about to start getting let out of the bag, and it will be interesting to see how the markets react.