Essay of the Week: 2/1/09-2/7/09

Letters to Malcolm and the trouble with Narnia: C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, and their 1949 crisis by Eric Seddon is an exploration of why Tolkien objected so strongly to C.S Lewis’s Narnia series and why their friendship cooled so markedly.

It must be admitted that this essay suffers to a degree from the author’s strong Catholic bias. There is no denying that J.R Tolkien was a committed orthodox Catholic. But interpreting J.R Tolkien’s likes and dislikes and what bothered him solely through the prism of Catholic doctrine is to get a limited view of the man.

In particular, some of us would argue that Mr. Seddon gives too short a shrift to J.R. Tolkien’s strongly held aesthetic views (and in particular, his strong aversion to allegory). Mr. Seddon argues that because J.R Tolkien did not object to all of C.S Lewis books equally, then therefore his aesthetic principles could not have been a large part of what he found so offensive in the Narnia series. We do not find this particular argument convincing.

Using the same method of arguing as Mr. Seddon, we could easily argue that theological objections could not have been what bothered J.R. Tolkien because many of C.S. Lewis’s earlier works did not conform to Catholic doctrine.

Nonetheless, Mr. Seddon’s central argument that J.R Tolkien so strongly objected to the Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe because of way C.S. Lewis’s his type of Christ is not without merit. Only, we would add that The Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe was also the penultimate type of what Tolkien objected to aesthetically.

To be sure, the two types of objections were never particularly distinct in Tolkien’s mind. But to fail to understand how the two things intertwined is to not understand why Tolkien should object so strongly to Narnia and not as strongly to other books that transgressed various Catholic doctrines.

Is it going to blow?

From the Telegraph….

Tens of thousands of people living near Japan’s volatile Mount Asama have been told to brace themselves for a major volcanic eruption within 48 hours.

From later in the article…..

According to scientists at an observation station operated by Tokyo University, there was a sharp increase in volcanic earthquakes in the region in January, with their epicentres directly below the peak of the mountain. That volcanic activity accelerated on Sunday morning and was accompanied by crustal change, apparently caused by increased magma movement beneath the peak.

Experts are predicting an eruption is possible in a matter of hours and an initial blast could hurl volcanic rocks up to 2.5 miles.

If this thing blows, next winter will probably be even colder thzn this one already is.

The Battle of Midway

One of the most dangerous things about human nature is its tendency towards complacency. We tend to take what happened yesterday as a guide to what is going to happen tomorrow. As we are one of the most powerful nations in the world, we tend to take that as being the natural order of things. Even those who gleefully predict the ending of American power fail to really understand what that would mean.

But every time I read up on the Battle of Midway, I am always struck by the fact that less than 70 years ago America was fighting for its life. If Japan had hit America carriers at the American carriers at Pearl Harbor, there would have been no battle of Midway. If the American’s had failed to break Japan’s naval code, the Japanese might have succeeded in luring American carriers into a trap at the the battle of Midway. And with both of those facts being true, the Americans still could have easily lost the Battle of Midway.

In some circles is it is common to argue that this would not matter because American industrial power was so great that its victory was bound to happen regardless. But this is an iffy proposition. The war in Europe and the war in the Pacific were closely connected in terms of supplies and materials. If America had faced a series of defeats in the Pacific, they would have been unwilling to send troops and resources over to Europe to the degree that they did. And without American help through opening up a second front and with lead lease who knows if Russia could have held out. And if Russia had fallen who knows what could have happened?

So watch this documentary on Midway and be amazed at the miracles that brought about the peace and security that we know today. And do not be so confident that the western way of life is predestined to always be sustained by those miracles.

I have provided links to the first three parts of the documentary below. But they not really necessary to understanding what a close run thing Midway was. Watching the last three embedded clips is sufficient.

The First Part

The Second Part

The Third Part

Tough Times Are Good For You

From Tyler Cowen’s op-ed in the New York Times…

Recessions and depressions, of course, are not good for mental health. But it is less widely known that in the United States and other affluent countries, physical health seems to improve, on average, during a downturn. Sure, it’s stressful to miss a paycheck, but eliminating the stresses of a job may have some beneficial effects. Perhaps more important, people may take fewer car trips, thus lowering the risk of accidents, and spend less on alcohol and tobacco. They also have more time for exercise and sleep, and tend to choose home cooking over fast food.

In a 2003 paper, “Healthy Living in Hard Times,” Christopher J. Ruhm, an economist at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, found that the death rate falls as unemployment rises. In the United States, he found, a 1 percent increase in the unemployment rate, on average, decreases the death rate by 0.5 percent.

Poem of the Week: 1/25/09-1/31/09

Lepanto by G.K.Chesterton is this week’s poem of the week. It is perhaps one of the best poems about a single battle every written. It is certainly better the Charge of the Light Brigade for example.

In part, this is because the poem is about more than just a battle that had happened long in the past. G.K Chesterton wrote the poem during a dark time for Europe and it is his mediation on what had saved Europe in the past and what would be necessary to save it in the future.

Here is a historical account of the battle.

Essay of the Week: 1/25/09-1/31/09

If history is ever worth studying, then it is doubly valuable to read the source documents upon which history is based. For when we read other people telling us about history, we are only hearing what other people want us to hear. But when we read the documents that were written by our predecessors, we hear their voice and come to understand their concerns.

To be sure, reading the words of our predecessors has some limitations. Without knowing the context of the times we can sometimes mistake the meaning of what we are reading. Moreover, since we have limited time, it can be hard to know what would be most profitable to read. But even still, it is better to try to hear the words of those now dead than it is to listen to those who try to interpret them for us.

For we are all familiar with the childhood game called telephone. We all know that when a message is passed from one person to another it can become easily garbled. History is no different. The further you are from the source documents, the more garbled the message you are going to receive.

That is why one should take the time read Abraham Lincoln’s Cooper Union Address. It was given shortly before he was nominated to be the Republican presidential candidate. He had just lost the previous year’s election contest with Stephen Douglas for a senate seat. His name had been made, but there was no clear sign that he was going anywhere. Yet even though the speech was given in a lull in his frantic personal history, it still gives us one of the best insights we have into his reasoning process.

You can improve your understanding of this speech by brushing up on the Dred Scott decision and the Kansas-Nebraska act.

For the Troll

From the Common Room…..

The Equuschick herself, a staunch believer in the differences between men and women and their God-given roles in family life, is often both amused and annoyed by the way these roles are defined or sometimes even manipulated by people who claim to be following God-given roles.

Far too often a couple who claims to be following the Scriptural model for gender roles are actually following a cultural tradition without any foundation.

And what fascinates her the most, is that it is just as often women who manipulate the roles to serve their own purposes as it is men.

Would have been rant of the week, but we had too many other good choices. And if we waited another week, we would have forgotten it. But its tone and content reminded us of our very own Troll. She can do the work of two strong men and she only eats as much as your average tabby cat. That is what you call a deal.

Edit: In the interest of being fair and balanced it should be pointed out that she does not make brownies as often as the Bible says a good female should. Indeed, she seems to be shirking that particular duty lately.

Edit Again: Some may doubt that the Bible has anything to say on the subject of brownies. But we are indebted to the early church father Origen for pointing out that the deeper meaning of Proverbs 31:14 -15 is “Woman, make brownies.” If you doubt me, it is clear you know nothing about Origen. Our conclusions follow directly from his methodology.

350 transformers in danger of being destroyed by the sun

From NASA….

To estimate the scale of such a failure, report co-author John Kappenmann of the Metatech Corporation looked at the great geomagnetic storm of May 1921, which produced ground currents as much as ten times stronger than the 1989 Quebec storm, and modeled its effect on the modern power grid. He found more than 350 transformers at risk of permanent damage and 130 million people without power. The loss of electricity would ripple across the social infrastructure with “water distribution affected within several hours; perishable foods and medications lost in 12-24 hours; loss of heating/air conditioning, sewage disposal, phone service, fuel re-supply and so on.”

We have posted on this already, but this story comes with a cool map showing the percentage of transformers affected by the modeled storm in each state.

Those Dirty Persians

From the BBC….

A UK researcher said he found evidence that the Persian Empire used poisonous gases on the Roman city of Dura, Eastern Syria, in the 3rd Century AD.

The theory is based on the discovery of remains of about 20 Roman soldiers found at the base of the city wall.

The theory is plausible enough, though it is a little over sold. In any case, the historical evidence is clear that it sucked to be Roman soldier trying to stop the Persian invasion.